Successful Marketing in Japan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Successful Marketing in Japan - Essay Example This piece of paper addresses major factors that are to be considered by foreign businesses that intend to launch their lucrative business in Japan and explain what they should do to respond to the cultural myopia that prevails in Japan. Mastering the marketing in Japan Japan, being the second largest economy of the world, occupies a significant position in almost all industries and business activities worldwide. From the 1940s onwards, the country has been able to build a dominant, modern and internationally-oriented industrial economy which was based on innovative product designs, high quality production, advanced services, increased domestic consumption etc (Genzberger, 1994, p. 1). Japan is not only a strong economy in terms of production, exports, innovation, advanced services etc, but also a powerful market that large numbers of businesses from other countries seek opportunities in Japan. But, administering and mastering the marketing in Japan is considered to be a difficult ta sk. There are different barriers to marketing in Japan. Some of the major barriers to selling to Japan are import barriers, obstructive bureaucrats, non-transparent regulations, huge language barrier, conglomerate monopolies etc (Genzberger, 1994, p. 175). For any businessman from other countries to launch, run, operate and succeed in Japan’s market is therefore a difficult task, but there are many lucrative businesses that have strategically approached the market and found success in its path. As Reid (1999, p. 41) observed, even though Japanese market has long been considered to be obstructive to penetrate, experts on business in Japan have found that this is quite misleading. Various business strategies have been found to have helped foreign businesses in Japan’s market. Goodnow and Kosenko (1993) identified key strategies that North American companies used for marketing in Japan. Management philosophy, high technological capability, acceptance of Japanese subsidiar y etc are some of such effective strategies. Reid (1999, p. 41) pointed that foreign companies have not only succeeded in marketing in Japan, but also established leadership positions mainly in Japanese consumer products market. Many foreign players have turned to be established leaders in the Japanese market. For instance, Coca-Cola generates around 30 percent of its total profits from Japan, 70 percent of Dunhill’s sales are from Japanese people and IBM employs around 20,000 Japanese people. Factors to be considered by foreign corporations to conduct business in Japan Cost element While comparing the relative costs that may incur in marketing in different countries, it can be found that marketing in Japan is more costly than marketing in many other countries (Genzberger, 1994, p. 175). When it comes to various business expenditures, almost every thing including rent, salary, transportation, advertising, banking etc are highly expensive than that of other countries. Cost has been accounted to be 50 percent of all the reasons behind the failure of companies in marketing in Japan. For those corporate who have a quality product, advanced technology, innovations and more importantly those who are willing to undertake the high initial costs for market entry in the

Introduction to Occupational Therapy

Introduction to Occupational Therapy Physiology is the study of how the body parts and living organisms work and physical and chemical factor responsible for the origin, progression and development of life. Physiology is a foundation for further studies in the health science. Occupational therapy is a health profession that helps patients improve their nervous system functions including motor, social, personal, academic and vocational pursuits. Occupational therapy is professional trained in the biological, physical, and medical and behavior science. Through physiology, occupational therapists have insight into and be able to explain peripheral, the central and the autonomous nervous system’s functions and structure. From knowing the normal state of nervous system, occupational therapists can address the dysfunctions and improve their nervous system. Occupational Therapist incorporates the study of nervous system as it relates to participation in daily life. Therefore, occupational therapists are able to convert basic physiology concept to patient care. Occupational therapy used the knowledge of nervous system to treat conditions which related to nervous system such as multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease, and cerebral palsy. Multiple sclerosis is an immune-mediated process in which an abnormal response of the immune system produces inflammation in the central nervous system which is brain, spinal cord and optic nerves (National Multiple Sclerosis Society, 2014). The damaged myelin where the protective membrane of nerve fibers is multiple sclerosis in various central nervous system (Lammert Zeeb, 2014). The T and B lymphatic cells and autoantibodies cause myelin damage, neuroinflammtion and neurodegeneration which make multiple sclerosis be a part of the group of autoimmune disease (Lammert Zeeb, 2014). The damaged myelin forms scar tissue (National Multiple Sclerosis Society, 2014). Since the myelin is damaged, the nerve impulses travelling to and from the brain and spinal cord are distorted and producing many of symptoms (National Multiple Sclerosis Society, 2014). Occupational therapist will offer strengthening and stretching exercise for the upper body to improve coordination (Wilson,n.d.). Normally, people who have multiple sclerosis have spasticity, especially lower body parts because the nerve impulse become smaller as going through the nerve (Wilson,n.d.). If they do not do stretching exercises regularly, their legs can be stiffen (Wilson,n.d.). Strengthening exercises are improve weakened muscle in moving and walking (Wilson,n.d.). Parkinson’s is a lacking of dopamine because some nerve cells in brain have died (Parkinson’s UK, n.d.). Parkinson’s is a progressive deteriorate in nervous system and their movement become slower (Parkinson’s UK, n.d.). The main symptoms of Parkinson’s are tremor, slowness of movement and rigidity which cause them involuntary shaking in their part of body, walk slowly, take longer to do their activities of daily life, stiff muscles, pain and muscle cramps (Parkinson’s UK, n.d.). Due to the message from brain to every part of body may not go through properly, it interrupts their activity of daily life such as bladder and bowel problems, eye problems, falls and dizziness, fatigue, freezing, pain, restless legs syndrome, skin and sweating problem, sleep problems, speech and communication problems and swallowing problem (Parkinson’s UK, n.d.). People with Parkinson’s can experience mental health such as anxiety, dementia, depressio n, hallucination and delusion and memory problems because they worry about living with the condition or because of possible changes in brain (Parkinson’s UK, n.d.). There is no way to improve the brain condition, so occupational therapists will help in finding easier ways to do their activity of daily life by recommending some equipment and changes their home safer (Parkinson’s UK, n.d.). The development of glial scar after central nervous system injuries is prohibit axon regeneration (University of Cambride, n.d.). The major molecules in glial scar are chondroitin sulpahate proteoglycans, semaphorins, ephrins and sulfated glycosaminoglycan (University of Cambride, n.d.). If the sulfated glycosaminoglycan, chondroitinase and proteoglycans are lost, this can promote axon regeneration in central nervous system (University of Cambride, n.d.). Axons that have high regenerative potential have large amount of ribosomes and other protein synthesis machinery in axon (University of Cambride, n.d.). However, central nervous system do not transport ribosomes which decrease the capability of nerve cells to regenerate (University of Cambride, n.d.). B esides that, axons in central nervous system need to have right integrin and surface integrin to interact with matrix glycoprotein in order to perform regeneration (University of Cambride, n.d.). However, various inhibitory molecules inactivate the Alpha9 intergrin and tenascin which allow them to regenerate (University of Cambride, n.d.). Cerebral palsy is a disorder that which caused by brain damage (Bachrach, 2012). This disorder can be occurred before or during a child’ birth or during the first 3 to 5 years child (Bachrach, 2012). There is no cure for this disease, but treatments include physical and occupational therapy, speech therapy, drugs to control seizures, relax muscle spasms and alleviate pain to overcome developmental disabilities and learn new ways to adopt this disabilities (National Institute of Neurological Disorder and Stroke, 2014). Their condition can be improved by doing surgery to correct anatomical abnormalities (National Institute of Neurological Disorder and Stroke, 2014). To smoother their activity of daily life, equipment like wheelchairs, walker and communication aids also help to improve their lives (National Institute of Neurological Disorder and Stroke, 2014). There are three types of cerebral palsy which are spastic cerebral palsy, athetoid cerebral palsy and ataxic cerebral pa lsy (Bachrach, 2012). Spastic cerebral palsy can cause stiffness in muscle which cause them have walking difficulties (Bachrach, 2012). Athetoid cerebral palsy can lead to involuntary and uncontrolled movement. Ataxic cerebral palsy can cause them imbalance and depth perception (Bachrach, 2012). For them, they have difficult in doing activities of daily life such as bathing, dressing, feeding, mobility, grooming and bowel (Bachrach, 2012). For children, occupational therapists normally will focus on playing and learning to achieve the goals that settled by multiple disciplinary team. Occupational therapy can address social, psychological and environmental factors involved with the children. Occupational therapist address working on fine motor by grasping and releasing toys, playing puzzle, sorting out the shape and number and others in order to exercise their hand’s muscle for developing handwriting skills. Occupational therapy for cerebral palsy can meet their needs by addressing hand-eye coordination to improve play skills such as hitting a target, batting a ball, bowling, coping from whiteboard and others. Occupational therapist helps children with developmental learning delay in activity of daily life such as bathing, dressing, grooming, feeding and movement. Normally, these children are more impulsive, aggressive, behavior disorder and low confidence due to their disorder. Occupational therapists also have to teach them how to vent out their stress and manage their anger. Occupational therapists will recommend them to write down their feeling in dairy or participating in physical activity likes sport. Due to their weak muscle tone, muscle and motor skills, occupational therapists have to teach them to use specialized equipment such as wheelchair, splint and dressing devices. Normally, their eating utensils are modified to bigger and heavier handles than normal one in order they can feed themselves. Their cups with special handles and plates with higher lips to keep and drink from slipping off. The clients with physical limitation can operate computer with touch screen and voice recognition to make their works easier. Special computers have the capability to help them perform taks that would normally be impossible for them. As nerve cells do not have centrioles to perform cell division, once the nerve cells are damaged, it is hard to recover. Dealing with disease or disorder associated with nervous system, there is no cure or hundred percent to recover back to normal life. However, as a occupational therapist, they will try their best in finding easier way to perform their activity of daily life. Not only occupational therapists ask them to do some exercises or play, but occupational therapists also have to go their home to have an assessment to modify their home to make their life easier. Normally, for those who have disorder or disease, their parents or caregivers may experience some mental health, so the occupational therapists have to improve their family members to decrease assistances on other for help with self-care, increase physical mobility and give consultation to the family member. From the knowledge of nervous system, occupational therapists know how to treat them to improve their lives and prevent any accident which can make it worse. References Bachrach, S. J. (2012). Cerebral Palsy. Retrieved from http://kidshealth.org/parent/medical/brain/cerebral_palsy.html# Lammert, E., Zeeb, M. (2014). Metabolism of Human Disease. Retrieved from http://books.google.com.my/books?hl=enlr=id=75_IAwAAQBAJoi=fndpg=PA47dq=introduction+of+multiple+sclerosis+ots=x4gUh7V244sig=DvW5sK0mKakeMR9sRSgPslIdRwU#v=onepageq=introduction of multiple sclerosisf=false National Institute of Neurological Disorder and Stroke (2014).NINDS Cerebral Palsy Information Page. Retrieved from http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/cerebral_palsy/cerebral_palsy.htm University of Cambridge. (n.d.). John van Geest Centre for Brain Repair. Retrieved from http://www.brc.cam.ac.uk/principal-investigators/james-fawcett/axon-regeneration-in-the-central-nervous-system/ National Multiple Sclerosis Society (2014). Definition of Multiple Sclerosis. Retrieved from http://www.nationalmssociety.org/What-is-MS/Definition-of-MS Parkinson’s UK (n.d.). Occupational Therapy and Parkinson’s. Retrieved from http://www.parkinsons.org.uk/content/occupational-therapy-and-parkinsons Wilson,M. A. (n.d.). Multiple Sclerosis and Exercise. Retrieved from http://www.sitandbefit.org/multiple_sclerosis

Jacob Lawrence :: essays research papers

Jacob Lawrence Jacob Lawrence's unique career has earned him a National Medal Of Arts , election to the National Academy of Arts and Letters and the National Academy of Design,a National Council of the Arts commisionership, and dozens of honorary degrees and awards, including the NAACP's Spingarn Medal. His paintings has been freatured in several major art exhibitions and many different museums. Lawrence's parents came from the south but they moved to Harlem where Lawrence grew up. Lawrence was born in 1917 and grew up in Harlem during the Great Depression. He had many extraordinary educational oppurtunities as well as his first employment as an artist. In the studio of his mentor, Charles Alston, young Lawrence painted while the Harlem Renaissance was blooming with a generation of young artists and writers. He studied at the Harlem Art Workshop from 1932-1937 and at the American Artists School from 1937-1939. In the 1930's there was two main art groups,realism art and abstractionism art. Lawrence rejected both of them and made up his own style of art. His paintings are alive with human figures, usually African Americans,engaged in all different types of activities. He dipicted the figures in his paintings with dignity and grace. He got his ideas from several different sources. He used repetitive paterns and a lot of different colors and design which are commonly found in a quilt or an African textile. He made up to as many as 60 paintings which are each telling a story and the messages are usually of human triumph over oppression and injustice. Although his paintings often relate to the history and experience of black people their themes are universal. Lawrence allso made murals for his story telling. Throughout most of the 20th century , art institutions within black communities were the only places that exhibited the work of black artists. If other galleries did have black exhibits they were singled out as "Negro artists" or "Negro Art". Without gallery exposure, they were rarely noticed by influential people or obtain appropriate prices. In 1941 Alain Locke, a friend of Lawrence's introduced Lawrence's Migration series to the owner New York's Downtown Gallery Edith Halpert. Edith immediately organized an exhibition for Lawrence's art work, and Lawrence joined the select few group of artists she presented, which included Stuart Davis, Charles Sheeler, and Ben Shahn. Lawrence's Migration series was purchased and divided between the Museum of Modern Art and the Phillip's Collection.

Historical Institutionalism Essay

Question 3: How does historical institutionalism envision political change? How does it envision the impact of organizations? Thelen and Steinmo share the common view among institutionalist scholars that historical institutionalism (HI) remains â€Å"sticky† when envisioning political change, even when political or economic conditions have changed dramatically (1992:18). Political change, then, according to Thelen, is centered on the concept of path dependency, or a framework of slow change dependent on the legacy of rules formed and tested throughout history. In order to understand how particular kinds of external events and processes are likely to produce political openings that drive path-dependent institutional evolution and change, Thelen prioritizes an analysis of critical junctures and feedback effects as two key reproduction mechanisms that engender foundations of institutional arrangements and political stability (1999:388-396). Critical junctures demonstrate that â€Å"[c]ausal analysis is inherently sequence analysis† (Rueschemeyer et al 1992:4; Thelen 1999:390) in that sequencing and timing of political and economic development in historical context can influence institutional outcomes. Feedback effects are based on the idea that institutions are not neutral coordinating mechanisms but instead reflect, reproduce, and magnify particular patterns of power distribution in politics. Thus, political arrangements and policy feedbacks actively facilitate the organization and empowerment of certain groups while actively disarticulating and marginalizing others, creating distributional biases in particular institutions that â€Å"feed back† so that â€Å"over time, some avenues of policy become increasingly blocked, if not entirely cut off† as â€Å"decisions at one point in time can restrict future possibilities by sending policy off onto particular tracks† (Weir 1992:18-19; Thelen 1999:394). Thelen discusses four scenarios in which HI envisions political change, with the first three describing change as exogenous, characterized by Krasner’s framework of â€Å"punctuated equilibrium† in which institutions exhibit long periods of stability, periodically â€Å"punctuated† by crises that bring about abrupt institutional change, after which institutional stasis sets in (Thelen 1999:15). Broad socioeconomic changes causing previously latent nstitutions to become salient toward political outcomes, changes in the socioeconomic context or political balance of power producing a situation in which new actors pursue new goals within old institutions for different ends, and changes in outcomes as old actors adopt new goals within old institutions are the three exogenous scenarios of political change. The fourth scenario of political change is endogenous in that political actors adjust their strategies to accommodate changes within the institutions themselves (my emphasis Thelen 1999:17). In this scenario, Thelen advances the â€Å"dynamic constraints† framework for explaining change in that change can be a piecemeal process resulting from the long-term maneuvering of political actors within institutional constraints. HI envisions the impact of organizations by examining how an institution shapes individual preferences within the organization not only by shaping strategies but also the goals that the actors pursue. Because the individual is not completely de-linked from the institution, stasis and ultimately continuity is achieved. Question 8: How is the chapter by Ken Greene an example of historical institutionalism? What light does it shed on the process of democratization in Mexico? To what extent is his analysis specific to Mexico and to what extent (and how) can it travel to other cases? Ken Greene’s chapter is an example of historical institutionalism because it stresses the importance of legacy in political outcomes. One of the main tenets of his argument is that opposition parties were constrained by their own origins, thereby resulting in low appeal for voters to support them despite widespread dissatisfaction with the PRI (Greene 2007:175). As Greene explains (ibid: 175), the main yet subtle effect of single party dominance on partisan competition is the resulting rigidity in the challenger party organization that are slow to innovate in the face of new opportunities. The idea that challengers may fail due to the weight of the past rather than the more blatant aspects of dominant party power is one example of political stasis at work through the reproduction mechanism of institutional feedback. The political arrangements of institutional legacy promote and empower the dominant party while marginalizing opposition parties in a manner that, in this case, results in institutional stasis and continuing PRI dominance. The continuing dominance and institutional stasis of the PRI along with the political socialization of early elite political actors of opposition parties have both contributed to the slow process of democratization in Mexico. Extreme and differing preferences of early elite actors created an extreme foundation of opposition institutions, resulting in both the PAN and PRD’s emergence as niche parties and ultimately their failure to unify around the goal of defeating the PRI with centrist strategies. According to Greene, â€Å"the sequencing of party affiliation created a perverse outcome: early joining party elites created niche parties in their own image that were constrained to the core. (Ibid: 178) Thus, the status of democratization in Mexico at the time of this article’s publication suggests a disconnect between extreme elitist opposition party actors and a body of voters who are presumably unified through centrist preferences. Although Greene’s analysis is founded on country-specific evidence particular to this case, the lesson of PAN’s ability to move beyond its traditional core constituency and overcome its own intra-party rigidities and in some ways can be applied to t he Worker’s Party (PT) success in 2002. Like PAN, PT began as a highly ideological party and resisted the adoption of vote-maximizing measures for a significant amount of time. As Hunter explains (2007: 444), PT leaders were able to revise ideological rigidity â€Å"in light of major changes in the economic landscape and growing institutional strength of the state and party system. † The reassessing of their electoral standing, the PT became more electoral and behaved more like a catchall Brazilian party. The case of strategic adaptation and path dependence in Brazil was exemplified by Lula’s strategy of â€Å"layering,† gradually negotiating innovation â€Å"by placing new elements on top of established ones. Although this strategy bore little immediacy to the party’s electoral prospects, subsequent and focused efforts of engagement in public opinion and marketing Lula’s personal appeal constituted more concerted efforts toward electoral maximization. Question 9: What light does the piece by W. Hunter shed on the relative weight of rational choice vs. istorical institutionalism? Should we choose between them in analyzing a single phenomenon? Does it get too â€Å"wishy washy† to say that both rational choice and historical institutionalism are reflected in the evolution of the Workers’ Party? Both paradigms of rational choice institutionalism (RCI) and HI are important because of their ability to demonstrate a variety political outcomes and also because neither paradigm can individually provide comprehensive explanatory analysis for political change. With the example of the PT’s dynamic trajectory from 1989-2002, Hunter illuminates how political change happens on different layers. Hunter first presents the usefulness of the HI perspective in the nascent stage of the PT, noting the importance of the founding moment of an institution and further explaining founders’ proclivity to â€Å"long-term organization building rather than short-term vote maximization† (2007: 446). Weyland (2002:70) advocates HI framework in explaining institutional origin by critiquing RCI’s inability to explain institutional origin because â€Å"it conceptualizes institutions merely as rules of the game, not as actors in their own right. † Hunter also indicates HI’s overcompensation for continuity instead of change, thus revealing HI’s limitation of strategic flexibility in political parties like the PT during its first years of inception. Later, in explaining layers of political change still oriented within the framework of HI, Hunter traces the economic and political constraints imposed upon members of the PT, and ultimately explains within the framework of RCI ho change happened quickly in order for the PT to implement exogenous mobilization and electoral maximization strategies. Thus, the case study of the PT presents a substantive example of how RCI is useful at explaining quicker and short-term change whereas HI is better at explaining how change happens in slower and long-term layers. We should not necessarily choose between the two frameworks in analyzing a single phenomenon because there is an inherent value in diversity. As Weyland argues (2002:79), there is a need for â€Å"theoretical pluralism and ‘paradigmatic’ diversity† and â€Å"different frameworks make necessary and irreducible contributions to political analysis. † Political outcomes and political change across multitudinous contexts and applications could benefit from diverse approaches given the very complex reality of the behaviors of institutions. This complexity, as Weyland argues, â€Å"cannot be understood from one theoretical vantage point alone (Ibid: 79). †

Media Example

Music and Lyrics is a film featuring Drew Barrymore and Hugh Grant (Music and Lyrics, 2007). Hugh Grant plays the role of Alex Fletcher, who was a famous pop star in the 1980s and Drew Barrymore plays Sophie Fisher, a frustrated literary writer. In the movie, Fletcher was constrained to use the medium of a song in order to communicate his apologies for saying awful things to Fisher (Music and Lyrics, 2007). In so doing, Fletcher demonstrated his knowledge of interpersonal skills in winning over Fisher. Communication skills refer to a person’s ability to effectively articulate a specific message through written, verbal, or graphic means (Floren, 1998). These skills include the ability to present an idea clearly, resolve conflicts skillfully, and utilize technologies as means to put a message through (Floren, 1998). In the scene in the movie Music and Lyrics where Flectcher sang a heartfelt song of apology to Fisher, the former was able to exhibit all the abovementioned communication skills. He had a specific message in mind; he meant to apologize to Fisher for saying awful things. He also intended to, and succeeded in, expressing his true feelings for Fisher (Music and Lyrics, 2007). Fletcher was successful in presenting his idea clearly (Floren, 1998). He used carefully chosen lyrics that could put his message through, even using rhyme and music for artistry. In such a short period consisting of less than five minutes, Fletcher was able to mention Fisher’s specific endearing habits. He was also able to sing about the way that Fisher was able to make him feel better. Finally, Fletcher’s song served a major purpose of communication, which is conflict resolution (Floren, 1998). The song was so honest that there could have been no other ending for the story but to have Fisher accept Fletcher’s apology. References Music and Lyrics. (2007). Warner Brothers. Retrieved February 22, 2007 Floren, G. L. (1998). Marketable Skills and Attitudes. Retrieved February 23, 2007 Â   Â  

What Should You Do If You Have a B Average GPA

What Should You Do If You Have a B Average GPA SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips It's important to be aware of the constraints your grades in high school might place on you in the college application process. If you have a B average, you're doing fairly well, but you might consider making some changes to your academic strategies to have a better shot at reaching your goals. In this article, I'll go over what a B average is and what you should do if you have one depending on where you are in your high school career. What Is a B Average, and Can It Get You into College? A B average corresponds to a 3.0 GPA, which is about average for a high school student.Keep in mind that this is the average for ALL high school students, not just students who plan on attending college.Measured against other students who are applying to college, a 3.0 GPA is lower than average.According to our database, only 21.3 percent of colleges have average GPAs for admitted students that are lower than a 3.0. This doesn’t mean that you’ll have trouble finding a school that will accept you, but it does mean you’ll have to target less selective options.If you’re hoping to get into a competitive college program, you may want to work on improving your GPA.I’ll go over some strategies for this in the next section. How Can You Improve Your Chances of College Admission If You Have a B Average? If you’re still a freshman or sophomore, you have time to raise your GPA, so you should think about adopting better study habits if you want to attend a more selective college.If you’re a junior or senior, you don’t have much time to improve your grades.In this case, focus on other aspects of your college application like standardized test scores.Here’s some advice for each of these scenarios: If You Have Time to Raise Your Grades: Study Smarter Using effective study strategies is critical for improving your grades.Tests are stressful, and if you aren’t totally comfortable with the material you might get anxious and end up with a grade that doesn't reflect your true abilities.The best way to avoid this is to spread out your studying over a longer period of time so that you can fully absorb the information. The goal is for the material to be embedded deeply in your mind rather than floating perilously on the edge of your memory (which is what happens when you cram!).Try studying for an hour every night during the week before a test rather than studying for five hours the night before.You should also make sure you’re getting the most out of your study sessions, which means enlisting someone else to quiz you after you've reviewed everything on your own. As someone with a B average, you're already doing something right with your study strategies. You probably know most of the material fairly well before each test, but you're not pushing yourself to the point of complete understanding. In order to take your grades from good to great, you will have to be vigilant about filling small gaps in your knowledge. The difference between a B and an A is your performance on the most complex aspects of a test or assignment. You may need to add an extra hour or two to your studying to give yourself enough time to reach that higher level. And if you need to eat some ice cream to get through the extra studying, so be it. Avoid Procrastination If you’re working on raising your grades, procrastination is the enemy.Waiting until the last minute to complete assignments means that you don't have time to edit or polish your work, and you’ll probably turn in a final product that doesn't accuratelyreflect your abilities. I’d recommend making a timeline with checkpoints for completing portions of long term projects to keep yourself on schedule.Try to finish all the most labor-intensive parts of a project a week before it’s due so that you have a significant amount of time to reassess your work and see if you need to make any adjustments. Don't forget to read directions carefully, and be sure to include everything you need to earn the most credit (and extra credit if available!). This final effort is often the difference between B-quality work and A-quality work. Step Up in Class This is the one of the most fundamental tips I can give you. Makea point of paying attention in class and asking and answering questions whenever possible.This will help to reinforce your knowledge of the subject and make studying much less of a pain. If you pay close attention in class, you will already have a better understanding of the material that’s on your next test.When you study, you’ll be starting from a more informed position, and the whole process will be less stressful.Some things that you thought you had to study might already be ingrained in your memory because you were listening when your teacher went over them in class. If you're already someone who pays attention and participates in class, which many B students are, you might think about taking this a step further. It can be really helpful to start taking detailed notes in your classes, especially in subjects where there's a lot of information to remember. If you take notes, you'll get dual reinforcement of the information from both auditory and visual sources. This might be the extra push you need to get the most out of your time in class, especially if you're more of a visual learner. If you can raise your GPA to a 3.2 (which is a very manageable goal!), you will be a competitive applicant at more than double the number of schools you were competitive for at a 3.0.On the flip side, if you let your grades slip and end up with a 2.8 GPA, you will be competitive for less than half the number of schools than with a 3.0. Don’t let that happen! Don't freeze on me now... If You Don’t Have Time to Raise Your Grades: Study for the SAT and ACT Standardized test scores contribute strongly to your chances of admission at most colleges.In many cases, they are nearly as important as your GPA.If it’s too late in the game for you to improve your grades, raising your standardized test scores is the best way to impress colleges.Check out some of our other articles for advice on how to formulate a study plan and improve your scores significantly before the next test date. Plan Out Your Application Essays Another way to improve your chances of admission is to make sure that your collegeessays are well-thought-out and meaningful.I would recommend that you start planning your essays well in advance if possible, ideally at the beginning of the summer before senior year. This will give you more time to brainstorm what makes you unique and how you’ll contribute positively to a college community. Colleges are looking for students who are passionate about academic subjects and extracurricular activities. If you have a special perspective that you can offer on something that’s important to you, make sure you showcase it in your essay. It would be cool if you could just set up an adorably quaint workspace like this and your essay would write itself. What Other Options Do You Have for College With a B Average? If you know that it’s too late to do much to improve your grades before you apply to college, you have a few options.A 3.0 GPA means that you'll be a competitive applicant at many colleges, though you may have to lower your expectations to accommodate less selective institutions.See our information page onwhat colleges you can get into with a 3.0 GPAfor a better idea of where you stand. College is definitely within reach, so you shouldn't worry about being universally rejected if you choose your schools responsibly. Another option that many students don’t think about is going to a community college for a year and then transferring out to a more selective institution.Your grades are high enough to get into a regular four-year college, but you could potentially earn a degree from an even better school and graduate with less debt if you go the community college route initially.If you get good grades during your time in community college, youcouldleverage them into a transfer spot at a more competitive school.This strategy will benefit both your wallet and your ultimate job prospects if you’re willing to put in the hard work during your first year of college and take initiative in the transfer application process. You'll save a whole suitcase of money if you go to community college for a year. Probably. It depends on the denominations. Conclusion If you have a B average in high school, you'll be able to get into a number of less selective institutions. However,if you want to improve your chances of admission at competitive schools, you should work on raising your GPA. If it’s too late for you to make changes to your GPA, work on raising your standardized test scores and crafting a great application essay instead.You might consider going to community college for a year and then transferring to a more selective school to finish up your degree, but you can also apply to less selective four-year colleges. If you’re still a freshman or sophomore, keep working hard to improve your grades!Even a small improvement can make a big difference in the college admissions process. The wider your range of college options, the more likely it is that you’ll find a school that’s perfect for you. What's Next? Check out our list ofawesome colleges for B students. Still working on choosing your classes for the upcoming year or semester? Read our expert guide on which classes you should take in high school. Have there been significant changes in your grades from year to year? Find out which year of high school is most important when it comes to college applications. What do colleges actually look at when it comes to your GPA? Read this article to learn more about weighted and unweighted GPAs in the college application process. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Common Schooling in Canada essays

Common Schooling in Canada essays The proclaimed objective of school reformers that students would have access to common schools regardless of religion, social class, sex and skin color proved to be insincere. Access to common schooling did not imply equal access for all regardless of race, religion or any other factor that could be seen by some as a barrier to a common education. Social class was one of the lesser barriers to the access of the common school. The first schools never proposed to educate children as is done in schools today. The majority of the school population was to be informed and transformed as to fit the status quo. Governments attempted to establish a program through the state-run schools that would humanize, moralize and civilize the lower orders and the poorer people so that they would be equal to the middle-class society. Ryerson established an instrument for social control of the school population by centralizing and bureaucratizing school administration. Prentice argued that school was not designed primarily as a vehicle for upward mobility of the lower class people. School was designed to teach children how to read and write as well as to teach them work ethic and moral discipline. Children were instilled with these qualities as well as domestic routines such as meal times and holidays. Sex, or gender, was yet another barrier within the common school system. It did not prevent either sex from attending the common school, but it did affect what each sex learned while at school. Canadian public schooling has always been for both boys and girls. Compulsory education laws did not show prejudice on the basis of sex. The public education system was for everybody, regardless of whether they were boys or girls, rich or poor, native-born or immigrant, children who spoke different languages, rural or urban inhabitant, or those of all religions persuasions. The development of the public school system did not preven...

Trifles A One-act Play by Susan Glaspell

Trifles A One-act Play by Susan Glaspell Farmer John Wright has been murdered. While he was asleep in the middle of the night, someone strung a rope around his neck. Shockingly, that someone might have been his wife, the quiet and forlorn Minnie Wright.   Playwright Susan Glaspells one-act play, written in 1916,  is loosely based on true events. As a young reporter, Glaspell covered a murder case in a small town in Iowa. Years later, she crafted a short play, Trifles,  inspired by her experiences and observations. The Meaning of the Name Trifles for This Psychological Play The play was first performed in Provincetown, Massachusetts, and Glaspell herself played the character, Mrs. Hale. Considered an early illustration of feminist drama, the themes of the play focus on men and women and their psychological states along with their social roles. The word trifles typically refer to objects of little to no value. It makes sense in the context of the play due to the items that the female characters come across. The interpretation may also be that men do not understand the value of women, and consider them trifles. The Plot Summary of a Family Murder-drama The sheriff, his wife, the county attorney, and the neighbors (Mr. and Mrs. Hale) enter the kitchen of the Wright household. Mr. Hale explains how he paid a visit to the house on the previous day. Once there, Mrs. Wright greeted him but behaved strangely. She eventually stated in a dull voice that her husband was upstairs, dead.  (Though Mrs. Wright is the central figure in the play, she never appears onstage. She is only referred to by the on-stage characters.) The audience learns of John Wright’s murder through Mr. Hale’s exposition. He is the first, aside from Mrs. Wright, to discover the body. Mrs. Wright claimed that she was sound asleep while someone strangled her husband. It seems obvious to the male characters that she killed her husband, and she is been taken into custody as the prime suspect. The Continued Mystery With Added Feminist Critique The attorney and sheriff decide that there is nothing important in the room: â€Å"Nothing here but kitchen things.† This line is the first of many disparaging comments said to minimize the importance of women in society, as noticed by several Feminist critics.  The men criticize Mrs. Wright’s housekeeping skills, irking Mrs. Hale and the sheriff’s wife, Mrs. Peters. The men exit, heading upstairs to investigate the crime scene. The women remain in the kitchen. Chatting to pass the time, Mrs. Hale and Mrs. Peters notice vital details that the men would not care about: Ruined fruit preservesBread that has been left out of its boxAn unfinished quiltA half clean, half messy table topAn empty birdcage Unlike the men, who are looking for forensic evidence to solve the crime, the women in Susan Glaspells Trifles observe clues that reveal the bleakness of Mrs. Wright’s emotional life. They theorize that Mr. Wright’s cold, oppressive nature must have been dreary to live with. Mrs. Hale comments about Mrs. Wright being childless: â€Å"Not having children makes less work- but it makes a quiet house.† The  women are simply trying to pass the awkward moments with civil conversation. But to the audience, Mrs. Hale and Mrs. Peters unveil a psychological profile of a desperate housewife. The Symbol of Freedom and Happiness in the Story When gathering up the quilting material, the two women  discover a fancy little box. Inside, wrapped in silk, is a dead canary. Its neck has been wrung. The implication is that Minnie’s husband did not like the canarys beautiful song (a symbol of his wife’s desire for freedom and happiness). So, Mr. Wright busted the cage door and strangled the bird. Mrs. Hale and Mrs. Peters do not tell the men about their discovery. Instead, Mrs. Hale puts the box with the deceased bird into her coat pocket, resolving not to tell the men about this little â€Å"trifle† they have uncovered. The play ends with the characters exiting the kitchen and the women announcing that they have determined Mrs. Wright’s quilt making style. She â€Å"knots it† instead of â€Å"quilts it†- a play on words denoting the way in which she killed her husband. The Theme of the Play Is That Men Do Not Appreciate Women The men within this play betray a sense of self-importance. They present themselves as tough, serious-minded detectives  when in truth, they are not nearly as observant as the female characters. Their pompous attitude  causes the women to feel defensive and form ranks. Not only do Mrs. Hale and Mrs. Peters bond, but they also  choose to hide evidence as an act of compassion for Mrs. Wright. Stealing the box with the dead bird is an act of loyalty to their gender and an act of defiance against a callous patriarchal society. Key Character Roles in the Play Trifles Mrs. Hale: She had not visited the Wright household for over a year because of its bleak, cheerless atmosphere. She believes that Mr. Wright is responsible for crushing the merriment out of Mrs. Wright. Now, Mrs. Hale feels guilty for not visiting more often. She believes she could have improved Mrs. Wright’s outlook on life.Mrs. Peter: She has tagged along to bring back clothes for the imprisoned Mrs. Wright. She can relate to the suspect because they both know about â€Å"stillness.† Mrs. Peters reveals that her first child died at the age of two. Because of this tragic experience, Mrs. Peters understands what it is like to lose a loved one (in Mrs. Wright’s case- her songbird).Mrs. Wright: Before she was married to John Wright, she was Minnie Foster, and she was more cheerful in her youth. Her clothes were more colorful, and she loved to sing. Those attributes diminished after her wedding day. Mrs. Hale describes Mrs. Wright’s personality: She was kind of like a bird herself–real sweet and pretty, but kind of timid and- fluttery. How- she- did- change.

Fashion, Culture and Tibetan Buddhism Research Paper

Fashion, Culture and Tibetan Buddhism - Research Paper Example The essay "Fashion, Culture and Tibetan Buddhism" will study the relationship that exists between Tibetan Buddhism (its culture and religion) and fashion, while comparing it with Islam and its influence on fashion. In the context of fashion and social identity, observations revealed that an individual interacts with fashion in a same manner he/she interacts with other people, thus using fashion to reveal what he/she wants to personify. The direct contact between the wearer and various fashion elements (such as, clothes and other accessories) help to establish a personal identity. Since fashion tends to portray the link between physical materials (such as, clothes and jewelry) and the wearer’s personal values, there is also a close connection between fashion and one’s self-perception. Fashion affects the wearer’s self-perception, thus acting like a filter, positioning itself between society and the wearer. Observations revealed that generally, physical bodies are viewed as social symbols, where female bodies form an important mechanism for preserving social and cultural traditions; wherein majority of the conservative religions tend to dictate stringent norms for female fashion . While establishing personal identities, fashion also helps in constructing social status and position, where it is presumed that fashion is a true reflection of the wearer’s self and lifestyle. The strict sociocultural rules governing fashions are often visible as laws of the land that force people (primarily women). to follow rigid social standards in the context of clothing, and often giving rise to a social tension between conformists and dissidents (Voss, 405-407). In such instances, it is evident that culture plays a dominating role and fashion becomes a strong tool in hands of the conservatives, which is used for gender subjugation and social control, a condition prevalent in the Islamic countries. On the other hand, social dissidents also use fashion t o symbolize their breakaway from rigid socio-cultural and religious norms. Therefore, fashion is closely related to different aspects of the culture and society from which it originates and subsequently represents. Tibetan history, culture and fashion Tibetan culture  has evolved through the influence of various external factors. Tibet had established trade connections with India and China from the ancient times, and these two countries have produced a significant effect on its cultural development. Tibet’s  inaccessibility, owing to its remote location, has however helped to preserve certain local influences that make it stand apart from both India and China. In terms of religion, Buddhism  has a strong influence on the socio-cultural aspects of Tibet, since its introduction in the country as early as the seventh century. Music, literature, art, clothing and almost all aspects of the Tibetan life strongly reflect presence of Buddhist values and beliefs. In Tibet, Buddh ism has developed its own unique form, which adopted the  Bon cultural tradition, interspersed with various local beliefs. According to

Why new cars are better then old cars Research Paper

Why new cars are better then old cars - Research Paper Example This is because of the fact that new cars are far better and cheaper than the old cars. Indian car manufacturer, TATA group recently world’s cheapest passenger car NANO, priced only $ 2000. Even though, prices are coming down, the quality and reliability, safety features, performances, fuel efficiency, comfort levels etc of the current cars are far superior to that of the old cars. This paper briefly analyzes why new cars are better than the old cars. â€Å"Anybody with a car older than three years should be tucking aside $50 a month for repairs and maintenance† (Toups). Old cars cause many problems to the drivers on the road. Occasional engine failures, battery failures, clutch problems, break problems, accelerator problems etc are some of them. The old car owner may force to spend a substantial amount of money for as the repairing cost. On the other hand new cars cause little problems to the driver. The performances of new cars are far better than the old cars. New ca rs were given lot of importance not only to the performance, but also for the safety of the passengers. For example, airbags are one of the safety measures introduced in new cars. Airbags help the passengers to save their life when the car accidents occur. Older cars had no such facility to protect the passenger lives. Airbags will be inflated at the time of accidents and it will shield the passengers from big collisions which can cause severe injuries. Apart from the driver and the front seat passenger, current cars have airbags even for the back seat passengers. The number of air bags has been increased from one to more than 10 at present for some of the advanced cars. Moreover, it is easy for the driver to apply brake smoothly and effectively on new cars compared to the older cars because of the advancements in the braking technologies developed by car manufacturers. â€Å"Today’s automobiles are sophisticated electronically controlled machines† (Erjavec,p.3). Elect ronics has given immense contributions to human life and automobile sector is one area in which electronics brought tremendous changes. Most of the older cars were operated manually by the driver. For example, for raising or lowering the window glasses, the driver forced to put lot of manual efforts in old cars. On the other hand, pressing a switch will help the driver to raise or lower the window glasses in new cars. The fuel tank, dickey etc can also be opened with the help of some switches in the new cars. Global positioning system is another electronically controlled modification in new cars. It helps the drivers to identify routes and locate the places. The computers inside the current cars are even capable of taking the control of the vehicle if the driver accidently sleeps while driving. Moreover, the current car equipments can even measure the alcohol levels in the body of the driver and advice the driver whether to proceed with the driving or not. Such facilities were not t here in the older cars. In short, the reliability of the current cars is far more superior to the older cars. Current cars are more fuel efficient than the older cars. The technology has improved a lot so that some of the current cars give even more than 25miles per gallon (Mpg) of petrol. Most of the older cars were delivering fuel efficiency less than 10 Mpg. Petrol or diesel is necessary for driving a car. However, the availability of petrol or diesel is getting decreased day by day because of the increased usages. Americans faced the effects of oil crisis in the seventies. The energy crisis of the seventies started in October 1973 when OPEC (Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries) and some other Arab countries declared an oil embargo upon United States in

Wal-Mart Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Wal-Mart - Essay Example This requires a benefit and wage package that accounts for the basic expenses and area-specific cost of living involved in supporting a family comfortably. By definition of their regions specific living wage standards are known to vary as compared to minimum wages offered by the federals. This is because the minimum wages do not begin to meet the family or the working people needs anywhere in the country; and on the contrary, it puts a child and parent below the poverty federal lines. This issue can effectively be addressed by the implementation of a more reasonable minimum and living wage at a local level that will not affect the family’s way of life. Our living wage standard like in many other municipal standards across the country combines some benefits with the wage standard to cater for employees and families that need it the most. The City of Washington, D.C government recently wanted to introduce a legislation that would ensure that large corporations running business i n the city would pay a "living wage" of $12.50 per hour to all employees hired in the city. Wal-Mart, one of the largest business corporations in the whole world responded by threatening to close stores in the city, and not to open planned stores because of the legislation. Such policies are meant to protect the public from exploitation by business companies and to ensure that employees are well remunerated. Is the living wage policy good? The question whether the policy is a good one can be argued from both ways, but on this paper, the argument will lean more on the positive aspects of the policy. This policy is good and its implementation would be beneficial for the employees, future employees, the families of the employees and ultimately the city of Washington, D.C. One advantage that can be achieved through its implementation is that the minimum income of the citizens would rise considerably. This will help in improving the lives of the employees and enable them meet their basic and secondary needs. In addition, it is also beneficial to women because over time they have been earning lower wages than the men have. The wage policy will ensure than women and men earn similar salaries that are based on their skills and work rather than gender. In this aspect, the policy would benefit most families of the employees. Through this, it can be regarded as an added benefit to the recovery of the economy as a whole from the family level. Others still view its implementation as an indirect form of justice for those affected by the economy crisis since within its implementation, there are dockets that would allow for effective compensations and responsibility mainly by the employers and managements and this would in effect protect the workers from any form of abuse. The policy is also beneficial to companies such as Wal-Mart because an increased wage will ensure that the employees are motivated to perform highly and yield more and high quality productivity. Due to thes e facts, it is clear that the policy is a good one. The people who support the implementation of the living wage policy state that all individuals should be provided with direct means of affording living costs in-terms of shelter, food, transport and usual basic needs, fiscal conservatives. On the other hand, those who do not support it refuse to uphold the idea of a minimum wage since according to them it makes it hard to determine the regional scale cost of labor appropriately. They adequately argue that the minimum wage increases the services and goods prices while also affecting disproportionally the minorities. Even with this argument and counter argument, it is still unfortunate that a major aspect is still not answered by this debate

Myeloproliferative Disorders Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Myeloproliferative Disorders - Essay Example In 2005, similarity in the major disease groups of MPDs got some explanation when Janus Kinase 2 V617F (JAK2- V617F) which in fact represents a G to T somatic mutation of JAK2 at nucleotide 1849, in exon 14, which eventually end up in the substitution of valine to phenylalanine at codon 617 (Tefferi 2006). Apparently, it seems that all group members of MPDs contain JAK2-V617F in equal proportion in all patients, persistently; which raises the question of capturing all disorders in the group through a single mutation, how is it possible But this is not the case! In fact, various diseases of the group carry this mutation in their genetic materials with different proportions in different patients; moreover, these diseases do not constantly carry this mutation as a universal principle. ... Various researchers have got the evidence to describe that the proportion of the patients with one of the three diseases of MPDs carry JAK2-V617F in different proportions and among these diseases PV is the disease which carries it to the maximum level. According to Tefferi (Tefferi 2006), almost all patients with PV carry the mutation while in the remaining two diseases, ET and IM, about half of the patients each in the two groups carry JAK2-V617F. While Jones et al (Jones 2005) gave could capture lower frequency of the mutation in these diseases, like: 81 percent of the patients with PV could show JAK2-V617F, 43 percent with IM and 41 percent with ET were able to reflect the mutated genetic material. This non-consistent behaviour of the mutated genetic material demands some further exploration in this area. One possible explanation in the favour of single mutation with multiple diseases still exists and which is related to sensitivity and specificity of the tests capturing the findings, which support JAK2-V617F. There are chances that mutation is present in the disease groups belonging to MPDs but the available tests are not efficient enough to detect that. For this answer we need to wait for the availability of refined testing system. At the same time it seems obvious that some other mechanisms are also operating in differentiating the progenitor to different diseases. Whether these mechanisms are timed before, after or at the same time as the mutation develops; it is to be answered. Jamieson et al (Jamieson 2006) found through their study that: in samples of PV patients, the cells with haematopoietic stem cells phenotype produced JAK2-V617F which in

Dangerous chemicals allowed by the FDA to be included in human and Research Paper

Dangerous chemicals allowed by the FDA to be included in human and animal foods - Research Paper Example as been documented to have allowed the use of harmful toxins to be used in human as well as animal food, which is likely to cause disastrous health outcomes, often leading to death. Although the exact number of harmful chemicals allowed by the FDA cannot be determined with accuracy, a comprehensive list of such chemicals is included as Appendix A. Three of the most potentially hazardous of the chemicals from the list (see appendix) Bisphenol A (BPA), Butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and Ractopamine - are linked to disastrous health outcomes, often leading to death. The FDA should, therefore, ban these chemicals, from use in human and animal food products, in order to uphold the general principle of safeguarding public health and prevent the large scale destruction that the presence of such harmful toxins can cause. Bisphenol A (BPA), Butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and Ractopamine are three of the several dangerous chemicals which are allowed by the FDA to be used in human and animal food, which are documented to have disastrous consequences when consumed, often leading to death, and hence need to be banned with immediate effect. The development in technology and the subsequent advancement in agriculture have both led to a dramatic rise in use of chemicals, particularly in the developed nations. Over 80,000 harmful chemicals are now made available commercially, and are regularly being used in agriculture and animal husbandry. Such potentially toxic chemicals which are known to enhance the productivity and hence the economical gain, and hence their drastic impact on human and animal life has been largely ignored (Erickson, 20093). Several of the toxic chemicals which are routinely used in agriculture as well as fed to livestock, have been proven to cause disastrous effect on human as well as animals, sometimes often leading to death. However, regardless of studies and researches which point towards their harmful influence on our lives, the use of such toxins

List and Explain the generally recognized business torts Research Paper

List and Explain the generally recognized business torts - Research Paper Example There are actually three basic business torts; namely, malfeasance, misfeasance, and nonfeasance. There could be other particular business torts but all these are related or derived from the said basic three. 1. Malfeasance This is a business tort that is committed maliciously by the perpetrator. This means that there is a clear intent against the aggrieved party, such as the aim of causing such the potential loss of revenues by the said business entity. Business malfeasance must, however, be distinguished from corporate malfeasance. This is especially because both are committed in the same sector. In corporate malfeasance, it is an employee or an executive that causes harm to the company whereas in business malfeasance, one party in a partnership, such as a joint business venture could be the perpetrator. An example of this is that of two companies who have agreed on a raw material sales transaction. Company A is involved in providing finished products to a certain distributor. Comp any B, on the other hand, sells raw materials to Company A.

Dangerous chemicals allowed by the FDA to be included in human and Research Paper

Dangerous chemicals allowed by the FDA to be included in human and animal foods - Research Paper Example as been documented to have allowed the use of harmful toxins to be used in human as well as animal food, which is likely to cause disastrous health outcomes, often leading to death. Although the exact number of harmful chemicals allowed by the FDA cannot be determined with accuracy, a comprehensive list of such chemicals is included as Appendix A. Three of the most potentially hazardous of the chemicals from the list (see appendix) Bisphenol A (BPA), Butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and Ractopamine - are linked to disastrous health outcomes, often leading to death. The FDA should, therefore, ban these chemicals, from use in human and animal food products, in order to uphold the general principle of safeguarding public health and prevent the large scale destruction that the presence of such harmful toxins can cause. Bisphenol A (BPA), Butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and Ractopamine are three of the several dangerous chemicals which are allowed by the FDA to be used in human and animal food, which are documented to have disastrous consequences when consumed, often leading to death, and hence need to be banned with immediate effect. The development in technology and the subsequent advancement in agriculture have both led to a dramatic rise in use of chemicals, particularly in the developed nations. Over 80,000 harmful chemicals are now made available commercially, and are regularly being used in agriculture and animal husbandry. Such potentially toxic chemicals which are known to enhance the productivity and hence the economical gain, and hence their drastic impact on human and animal life has been largely ignored (Erickson, 20093). Several of the toxic chemicals which are routinely used in agriculture as well as fed to livestock, have been proven to cause disastrous effect on human as well as animals, sometimes often leading to death. However, regardless of studies and researches which point towards their harmful influence on our lives, the use of such toxins

Art of Negotiation Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Art of Negotiation - Assignment Example Effective negotiation skills are the solution to every conflict despite the extent of the conflict. Leaving the money on the table is a lose-lose negotiation skill. In a lose-lose situation, both parties in dispute end up being worse off. Each party in this situations feels that they have lost and therefore none claim being discriminated against. In some case, a win-win option is available but the involved parties are not aware. In the case of two prisoners being convicted of similar crimes, a lose-lose, win-lose or win-win situation can happen. This depends on how the criminals individually respond to the allegations against them. If both the criminals confess to the charges are maximum equally sentenced lose-lose situation occurs. If neither of them confesses to the charges and a minimum sentence is laid on them, then they experience a win-win situation. However, if one prisoner accepts and the others decline the allegation at the expense of the other, making his or her opponent face sentence alone, then a win-lose situation occurs. In many countries, elections are bound to have some disputes especially after the announcement of final results. None of the candidates believes and wants to accept the fact that they have been defeated. Therefore, allegations are made on petty issues such as biased counting of votes, bribing of voters, ineffective electoral process, and instrumental failure among others. In such situation, an effective negotiation skill has to be put in place to avoid long and short-term effects to the nation. For instance, war and rivalry among communities. As a negotiator, I would use my negotiating skills in this situation in a wise manner. In the case of some of the allegation by the loser has some basis, the lose-lose situation would have to take place.  

The Bounce Of A Ball Physical Education Essay

The Bounce Of A Ball Physical Education Essay The bounce height of the ball is a function of the intrinsic qualities of the ball. Elevating the ball to a certain height will cause it to gain gravitational potential energy that is equal to the amount given by the equation E = mass x gravity x height. (The value of gravity on earth is approximately 9.81m/s ²) Therefore, the higher the ball is, the higher the potential energy it has. When the ball is dropped, the gravitational potential energy is transformed into kinetic energy, which is given by the equation E= 0.5 x mass x velocity ². In perfectly elastic collisions, the total kinetic energy of the two bodies that collide stays the same. In inelastic collisions, some of the kinetic energy is lost to internal molecular movement. When a ball is dropped from a certain height and collides with the ground, it is an inelastic collision. Therefore, some of the balls kinetic energy is lost to internal molecular forces, and it has less potential energy than it did before and therefore reduces its bounce height. Thus, a ball that is dropped from a certain height will bounce to a height that is less than the original level from which it was dropped. The physical properties of the ball determine the extent to which the collision will be inelastic. Some materials, such as rubber, preserve more of the kinetic energy, while other materials will dissipate it to a greater extent. That is why different kinds of balls will bounce to different heights after they are dropped. Variables The variables in my investigation will be: Height from where the ball is dropped Mass of the ball. Temperature of the ball. Material of the ball. Surface area of the ball. The velocity with which the ball is dropped. My independent variable will be the height(s) from which I drop the ball as I will be changing this in a uniform manner. I will start with a height of 50cm and add 50cm consecutively for each experiment until a total height of 250cm. The dependant variable will be the height that the ball reaches once it bounces as this value will depend on the height that the ball is dropped from. In order to keep the experiment a fair test, the following will be kept constant: Mass of the ball. Material of the ball. Surface that the ball is bounced on. The velocity at which the ball is dropped. Surface area of the ball. In all of the experiments, the ball will be dropped from just above its mark. Ie : The edge of the ball will be touching the 50cm mark for when it is being dropped from 50cm. The same will be repeated for all experiments. Apparatus A bouncing ball Rulers To measure the height that the ball is dropped from and to measure the height of the bounce. Balance To measure the mass of the ball. Tape To hold the rulers against the wall. Method I will begin by measuring the mass of the ball. I will then tape the rulers against a wall. I will then drop the ball from a height of 50cm and record the height of the bounce. I will record the results in a suitable table. I will then repeat the same experiment another 4 times so as to get 5 readings in total to ensure that readings are more accurate. I will then repeat the experiment, dropping the ball from a height of 100cm this time. This will continue with the height from where the ball is dropped increasing by 50cm each time until the final height is 250cm. Each height will have 5 corresponding readings. Readings Initial height of Ball ( ±0.0005m) Height of Bounce ( ±0.0005m) Test 1 (cm) Test 2 (cm) Test 3 (cm) Test 4 (cm) Test 5 (cm) Average (cm) 50cm 40.6 41.4 39.5 39.1 40.0 40.12 100cm 80.5 78.2 76.1 82.2 83.2 80.04 150cm 115.5 114.2 113.0 109.8 117.3 113.96 200cm 142.2 137.7 144.9 143.0 146.4 142.84 250cm 177.8 180.1 183.1 189.4 182.5 182.58 The average of the results is calculated as follows: (T 1 + T2 +T3 + T4 + T5) / 5 Put into context: (40.6 + 41.4 + 39.5 + 39.1 + 40.0) / 5 = 200.7 / 5 = 40.14cm Graph Average Graph Energy of the Ball To prove that energy transfer takes place, I decided to calculate the potential energies of the ball before and after it has been bounced. To calculate potential energy, the formula PE = MGH is used where: M is the mass of the ball. G is the gravity (9.81m/s ²). H is the height of the ball. The mass of the ball is 4.8g. Initial height of Ball Amount of Potential Energy at Initial Position 50cm 23.6 J 100cm 47.1 J 150cm 70.6 J 200cm 94.2 J 250cm 117.8 J Final height of ball (Average) Amount of Potential Energy at Final Position 40.12 18.9 J 80.04 37.7 J 113.96 53.7 J 142.84 67.3 J 182.58 86.0 J From the above tables, the change in the values of energy can easily be noticed. This can be used to show why a ball that is bounced doesnt attain the same height it is dropped from after it has been bounced. The difference in the values of potential energy can be used to show that some energy is converted into sound, heat or other energies whilst the ball is being bounced. Analysis After analyzing my results, I noticed that there was a trend amongst my readings. As the height from which the ball is increased, the corresponding height of the bounce of the ball will be high. For example, when the ball was dropped from 50cm, the average height of the bounce was 40.12cm. However, when the ball was dropped from 100cm, the average height of the bounce was 80.04cm. I also noticed that as the height from which the ball is dropped increases, the potential energy increased. For example, when the ball was dropped from 50cm, its final potential energy was 18.9 J. However, when the ball was dropped from 100cm, its final potential energy was 37.7 J. The trend here is that as the height from which the ball dropped increases, the more its potential energy will be. This therefore leads to the height of the bounce to be greater. This trend proves my hypothesis. Conclusion A bouncing ball constantly changes between kinetic energy and potential energy. When it is dropped, it slowly loses its potential energy which is converted into kinetic energy. When the ball hits the ground, it loses some of its energy in the form of heat and sound which therefore causes its overall energy to drop. Because of this energy drop, we can safely conclude that the ball cannot reach the same height as which it was dropped from due to the loss of some of its energy and therefore the speed at which it leaves the ground after the bounce will be less. As the law of conservation states that energy cannot be created nor destroyed and therefore the initial potential energy of the ball is equal to the sum of the potential energy of the ball after the bounce, the heat given off by the ball and the sound energy created by the ball. I also learnt that the higher the height that the ball is dropped from, the more its velocity will be when it hits the ground and therefore the amount of kinetic energy will be higher. (Velocity is directly proportional to Kinetic energy through the equation: http://i.ajdesigner.com/energy/kenetic_energy_equation.png I have come to the conclusion that as the height at which the ball dropped increases, the corresponding height of the bounce will be higher. However I think that eventually the height of the bounced ball becomes constant as the height at which the ball is dropped increases. This occurs when the ball reaches terminal velocity. This implies that no matter what height the ball is dropped from, the bounce height will remain constant. However this is only noticed after a certain height because the ball takes some time to reach its terminal velocity and therefore a height of approximately 100cm wont enable the ball to reach its terminal velocity. Evaluation I think my procedure and successful as my measurements were quite accurate, I ensured that I had no systematic error and tried to minimize the chances of having a random error by repeating each experiment 5 times which showed that I carried out my investigation well. I found it challenging to record the exact height of the bounced ball because it only occurs for a split second. This was the reason that I carried out the experiment 5 times, so as to ensure that my results would be reliable and accurate. In order to improve the accuracy of my results, I could have performed the experiment with a friend. Whilst one of us could have dropped the ball, the other could have recorded the height of the bounce. This could have possibly minimized error. However, my results still managed to prove my hypothesis and they were sufficient enough to make a conclusion. Another way in which I could have improved the accuracy of my results was through using a camera. If I used a camera to take a video of the experiment, I could have obtained very accurate results as the exact height of the bounce could be obtained through the use of the slow motion feature on the camera. I would have liked trying the same experiment from higher heights as well as working with energy transfers within a ball to find out how energy transfers vary as the height from which the ball is dropped changes. This would have enabled be to form a more conclusive conclusion. On the whole, I found my experiment to be successful and helped me gather a deeper understanding of the different factors that affect the bounce of a ball coupled with the various energy transfers that take place in a bouncing ball.

Abortion is a Global Issue :: Essays Papers

Abortion is a Global Issue Sonia Correa wrote an article for Women’s International Network News entitled â€Å"Abortion is a Global Political Issue†. In this article, abortion is looked at as a political issue that affects the world. The idea of a mother terminating her own pregnancy has been an issue since the Ancient Romans ruled the known world and Christianity was established. They did not believe in depopulating a world when the expected age of death for four out of 100 people was 50 years of age. The Catholic Church in the time of the Inquisition was permitting extreme punishment for women who aborted their babies and their midwives, if they assisted in the abortion. After the United States ruled on the constitutionality of abortion in 1973, Senator Jesse Helms achieved an agreement of a provision prohibiting American aid funds in activities related to abortion. Correa uses logic and reasoning in her article that abortion is a political issue that affects the entire world. She states that â€Å"†¦abortion is a worldwide public health problem.† One example is in the time of the Roman Empire. During this time period, the world was having a crisis with depopulation and fertility was looked at as a blessing. Killing an innocent, unborn child would have been unheard of at that time period. Another instance is the European Catholic Inquisition tracked down and even executed those who would abort a child. These women being executed, usually thought as witches, were the mothers and the midwives. The logic of these times would not make abortion a way of life. Abortion was portrayed as wrong for oneself and wrong for the society in which they lived. Many credible sources are used to show how abortion is a political issue that affects the world. The United States Supreme Court in 1973 decided on the constitutionality of abortion. Senator Jesse Helms approved a condition that prohibited activities that were related to abortion were not permitted to use American funds. During this period of time the Right to Life movement was growing. A group of agents from this movement decided to get their point across to bomb clinics and kill the doctors who performed abortions.

Book Review Of Star Wars: X-wing Rogue Squardron :: essays research papers

Book Review of Star Wars: X-Wing Rogue Squardron Dan Boughen 9A The title of the novel is Star Wars : X-Wing Rogue Squadron. The author's name is Michael A. Stackpole. The type of book is fantasy / adventure. Main Characters A) Corran Horn : Corran is a pilot in training for the Alliance or the Rebellion. He is the best rookie pilot on the Rogue Squadron. He is a silent person who does not like the social life but does like the spotlight once in a while. He was a CorSec security officer on the planet Correlia in his late teens'. B) Kirtan Loor : Kirtan is a cold, isolated man that lives on the planet of Churba. He is a high ranked officer for the Imperial Army. He later gets promoted to a commanding officer and sits on the right side of the head leader of intelligence for the Emperor. Setting : The setting first takes place in the Rebel's secret base. The setting then moves to a swamp planet by the name of Imdaar. The setting then moves to Imperial headquarters on the planet of Coruscant. Plot Summary : Corran and his new partners are given a limited amount of training time and are sent out on a mission in just weeks of forming the new Rogue Squadron X-wing fighter group. This book switches the first-person perspective between Corran and Kirtan Loor. While Corran and the Rogue Squadron are off fighting TIE fighters and Star Destroyers, Kirtan is hunting down information on the squadron and it's pilots. Personal Reaction : I found this book a little hard to read because of the long complicated sentences and the complex words Michael Stackpole chose for his book. I would say the reading level would probably be around grade 11 or 12 because of the intricate words and long sentences. I liked this book because it not only was exciting and kept me on the edge of my seat, but because of the easy to

Boston Beer Company Case Essay

_Background Information_: The Boston Beer Company, which was founded in 1984, had a very diversified thriving product line which entailed about twenty different kinds of beers. Their product was available in over nineteen various countries and used a network of around four hundred distributors. Revenues grew from 21 million dollars to 210 million dollars from inception to 1997. _Problem and Opportunity Identification_: As a result of the company’s product line and its variety, the company encountered issues sustaining and upholding of their products such as Lightship – which has been withering in recent years and which doesn’t have the volume like other products to sustain distribution. Since the light beer business that Lightship belonged to was one that was rapidly growing, the Boston Beer Company felt the need to investigate its products disappointment. The research to do so took place in different forms such as competition, market, and financial analyses, customer surveys, and finally deep emotional analysis using the ZMET technique. _Alternatives_: One option the research team is considering is introducing a new light beer into their product line. It is understandable that since the high-priced light beer industry is one of the biggest and rapidly growing field in the beer industry, the Boston Beer Company wants to occupy and take advantage of this field to further enhance its name and maintain its market share and its standing. However, there are issues in terms of positioning and marketing of this product. The product needs to be communicated as a light, rich, fun beer and targeted at a different audience that entails women. In addition to the fact that this option might cause conflict in terms of the brand image being a macho rough beer brewer, using it doesn’t solve the problem for Lightship if Lightship is going to be kept in the market offerings. Another option the research team considered was repositioning Lightship and throwing in more effort and investment into the marketing of the product. It  was obvious that, compared to one of their biggest competitors Heineken, the Boston Beer Company has had trouble and sort-of failed to build a unique brand identity for this product. The product was not successfully differentiated and positioned in the market in order for it to build market share and improve standings. This failure could make it difficult for the company to reposition itself and change consumer perceptions to gain their interests and so it might be a waste of time and efforts. Finally, the last option is the dreaded one of not competing in this realm of the industry. This is a very extreme option since this realm is a huge and growing segment of the market and they would be missing out on a lot if they decide to pull out it. The failure to fit into this field, however, might have proved that the Boston Beer Company is not competent enough and ready to compete in this segment. _Critical Issues_: There are two main critical issues that the company should consider when making the decision about their situation in the light beer industry. One critical issue concerns the brand image – the company has an umbrella brand image of being a premium masculine macho craft beer brewer and shaking that could be seen to influence consumer perceptions. The second critical issue relates to the field study and the results it yielded – do they answer our questions about how to position the light beer product or on whether we should even introduce/keep products in this segment of the market. _Conclusion and Recommendation_: After reviewing the results of the various research techniques, the recommended option would be to introduce a new high-end light beer into the market (while probably retiring Lightship). Making use of the ZMET research results, this new product should be positioned in a manner that represents an active, refreshing, and healthy lifestyle. Having a new product instead of improving Lightship is best in order to avoid the difficult efforts of having to change stubborn consumer perceptions. Also, in terms of the umbrella brand image of BBC being a macho tough image, having a separate offering targeted at other audiences will probably add to the image of having two instead of eroding the existing image.

A Geographical Analysis of the Roadmap for Peace in the Middle East

The longstanding conflict between Israel and Palestine has had rippling effects on the world community. Not only has it devastated a community in both nations, but the war has transcended globally, as both nations gather allies to their diplomatic defense.The seemingly never ending war has left countless dead, homes destroyed and a hope for a normal life dismayed. In light of this, the United States took the initiative of creating a roadmap towards peace for both nations. Designed to create a Palestinian State that co-exists with Israel, both nations were handed down a set of conditions in 2002.Though accepted formally in 2003, both nations have failed to act upon the roadmap and have thus, once again, left a yearning for peace in the region (Steinberg, 2002). This paper will discuss the long detailed plan of achieving peace in the Middle East, relating the geographical and political elements, problems and prospects of implementation, and the short and long term consequences of succe ss.The roadmap to peaceOverview on the geographical and political elementsIn July 2000, former US President Bill Clinton, Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Barak, and Palestinian Authority President Yasser Arafat have initiated the meeting with the agenda to finalize the initial peace agreements signed during the â€Å"1993 Declaration of Peace Principles† between Israel and Palestine.Sadly, the meeting ended at no point of further agreements unless critical issues on peace pact would be strongly determined (Migdalovitz, 2006). The uncompromising leverage to peace negotiations between Israel and Palestine was futile to the peace initiative mediation of the â€Å"Mitchell Commission and the Paris Summit†, wherein the spate of violence were unabated (Steinberg, 2002).Violence intensified which highlighted the March and April 2002 serial bombings that accounted death toll of more than 100 Israelis as a result of Palestinian aggression. The US initiative to refocus a new approac h to peace negotiation was then attempted by former President George W. Bush sometime in June 2004, mediating the lull of Palestinian aggression against the Israelis (Steinberg, 2002).The initiation of the â€Å"Plan for Palestinian State† has been laid down to outline the peace pact which follows the establishment of the Middle East Quartet or peace process international cooperation in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, consistent with the United Nation’s peace pact proposal which is being negotiated by the US and other countries in the Middle East and European Union (Migdalovitz, 2006).Problems and prospects of implementationThe Israeli-Palestinian conflict has long been waged since the 19th century. In which case, it is noteworthy that the peace negotiations in the 21st century can be facilitated by mediating non-Arab countries, like the United States and the rest of European Union through the guiding peace pact proposals of the United Nations.Accordingly, only the l eaders in the Middle East could dutifully institute the peace pact, in which the â€Å"presence† of the United States only tries to â€Å"systematize the outlining of a roadmap† for the peace process to be concluded in a short or long term basis (Migdalovitz, 2006).However, the continuing peace process negotiation could meet a â€Å"sticking point† which the â€Å"roadmap† for the peace negotiations can be blurry as a result of the perceived political interests of major countries that get involve in the Middle East Quartet. The critical roles of involvement of major countries must be redefined, focusing on the elemental issues of achieving substantial peace accord between Israel and Palestine (Steinberg, 2002).One more additional impediment in the Middle East Quartet could be the internal establishment of confidence among the negotiators. Of which political interests may not be a â€Å"dà ©tente† or intent to easing the tensions or strained relati ons between Israel and Palestine. It may be critically reconsidered that the Arabs accuses the Israelis for being an illegitimate which has been the campaigns of Yasser Arafat to remove 3,000 years of Jewish history in Jerusalem.The abhorrence of the Arabs to Israelis is likewise entangled in the envisioning of independent Arab states, from which Israel’s foreign relations have indicated bluntness with the European countries, as hostile stance has even contributed by the United Nations Security Council’s 2002 Anti-Israel Resolution upon attack in Gaza Strip (Steinberg, 2002). These critical reconsiderations equate a far-reaching disposition that would pave the way for an expedited peace pact and settle the long-time conflict on top of the negotiating table of the Middle East Quartet. A Geographical Analysis of the Roadmap for Peace in the Middle East In the past, geography had been one of main issues of conflict in the international community because having larger territories means having more wealth and power compared to other countries. In the early days, Spain was one of the main colonizers in our world history.Due to the many territories that they had, Spaniards were considered rich. They have many lands to plant crop, for mining of minerals, and the likes. The competition of who and what territory was a big issue for most of the powerful states in the past. However, the concept of power through geographical location and territory is still present such as the conflict of Israel and Palestine.The conflict of the Israel and Palestine penetrated the international community in the 1990’s. The conflict is a part of the widely known â€Å"Arab-Israeli† conflict. Basically, the dispute of Israel and Palestine is concerning land territory.The two states have been claiming the land ever since and both of these state beli eve that they have authority over that land for many historical, religious and geographical.Currently, the conflict of Israel and Palestine became more personal to both countries. Unlike the past, the whole conflict was related to the Arab and Israelites but now it is more focused on the territory of the Gaza and the West Bank region which borders the two conflicting states.Since the time that had passed, many changes had happened in relation to the situation of Israel and Palestine. Different states intervened with the situation and showed interest in the situation.The United States had joyfully included itself as the major key player in the resolution of the conflict. In June 24, 2002 President George W. Bush delivered his speech and encouraged Israel and Palestine to create peaceful negotiations towards having friendly relations and harmony among each other. In his speech he stated thatâ€Å"We express our determination to bring an end to the blood shed, suffering and decades of conflict between our peoples; to usher in a new era of peace, based on freedom, security, justice, dignity, respect and mutual recognition: to propagate a culture of peace and non-violence; to confront terrorism and incitement, whether committed by Palestinians or Israelis.In furtherance of the goal of two states, Israel and Palestine living side by side in peace and security, we agree to immediately launch good-faith bilateral negotiations in order to conclude a peace treaty, resolving all outstanding issues, including all core issues, without exception, as specified in previous agreements.† (Bush, np)President George W. Bush expressed his enthusiasm towards the great possibilities of the positive relations between Israel and Palestine. HE imply for a program called â€Å"The Roadmap for Peace in the Middle East† that would provide proper guidance to the states to be able to achieve the goal of peace and harmony.He has continuously suggested that there be negotiations . There would be a committee that would specifically address the issues of the states involved in the conflict. A joint work plan would be established as well as an overseeing team to monitor the projects.The â€Å"Roadmap for Peace in the Middle East† is a plan formed by the United States shaped to stop the conflict between the Israel and Palestine. The conflict resolution will be led by the â€Å"Quartet† which is composed of the United States, Russia, The European Union and the United Nations .The plan was presented at the Israel Palestinian Authority last April 30, 2003.The US Department of State said, â€Å"The plan is a performance-based, goal-driven plan, with clear phases, timelines, and benchmarks. It involves reciprocal steps by the two parties in the political, security, economic, and humanitarian fields† (Bureau of Public Affairs, np).The concept of the Road map is mainly obliging the Palestinian Authority to create democratic reforms and neglect the utilization of terrorism. On the other hand, Israel should support and recognize the materialization of a new Palestine Government including the settlement of the Gaza and West Bank conflict.The assumed out come of the strategy is the broad resolution of the Israel and Palestine conflict however, the dedication and good-faith efforts by both states are necessary for the implementation of the Road map. Other than the members of the Quartet, other regional Arab leaders will exertion effort to maintain and assist the progression.   (Bureau of Public Affairs, np)

Christian-Only Hiring Policy Essay

Case Study: Matthew is planning to open a manufacturing facility. He is considering a â€Å"Christian-only† hiring policy whereby he would determine to hire only professing, evangelical Christians to work in the facility. He asks you for your advice on the following questions: 1. Would such a policy be legal? If so, under what terms and what might the restrictions be? 2. From a Great Commission perspective, would this policy be advisable? 3. How would your answers change, if at all, if they planned to open a Christian school rather than a manufacturing facility? Matthew is planning to open a manufacturing facility and is considering a â€Å"Christian-only† hiring policy. The only way that this policy would be legal is if the manufacturing facility was considered to be a non-profit organization. A non-profit organization is an organization that uses surplus revenues to achieve its goals rather than distributing them as profit or dividends. The extent to which a non-profit organization can generate surplus revenues may be constrained or use of surplus revenues may be restricted. If this manufacturing facility was deemed to be a non-profit organization, then the organization would be exempt from the Civil Rights Act and would be able to implement their â€Å"Christian-only† hiring policy without facing charges down the road of discrimination. Due to the fact that a manufacturing facility would be unable to be classified as a non-profit organization because their purpose is usually to distribute its products for profit, then my adv ice would be that this policy would not be advisable for Matthew to use a â€Å"Christian-only† hiring policy. Using this policy would cause people to be discriminated against due to religious preference, and this is clearly illegal in the United States. If Matthew was planning to open a Christian school rather than a manufacturing facility, my answer would still be that it is illegal to discriminate in a for-profit organization. There are times when a faith-based humanitarian organization has prevailed over the lawsuits brought against them for discrimination due to religious preference, however, I do not advise toying with the gray area of the laws. I would advise Matthew that if he intends to open his manufacturing facility, it is not legal and not advisable to implement his â€Å"Christian-only† hiring policy.

An analysis on the US-UK relationship through the 20th century Essay

An analysis on the US-UK relationship through the 20th century - Essay Example The award also significantly reiterated the special relationship between the UK and the United States that has been commenced earlier in the century when both fought together as allies in World War II. While the US-UK relationship seemed to gather different views from political scientists and analysts regarding its extent as to whether it is based on friendship or simply for being allies, it is herein argued that the US- UK relationship is based on the two country's special alliance, which continues to exist because of mutual benefits and advantages, and which can be dismantled should these benefits and advantages cease to exist. This view is supported by contentions based on an analysis of the US- UK relationship through the 20th century with consideration on the history of the Anglo- American relationship, the factors that joined and continues to bind the The link between Great Britain and the United States as two separate and distinct nations originally started as a hostile relationship, such as has been commenced in the American Revolutionary War where the United States originally struggled against the political and economic policies of Great Britain as the thirteen British colonies. The years that followed after America gained its independence in the American Revolutionary War were marked by several wars and disputes between the two countries among which included the War of 1812 which took place, in part, because of impressments of American sailors by the Royal Navy, and because of trade embargoes by the British during the Napoleonic Wars. The disputes were appeased following the 1814 conclusion of the Treaty of Ghent which have settled nothing on the issues and causes of the British- American war but has been greatly considered to have accomplished much in that the presentation of divergent views at Ghent in 1814 greatly facilita ted future negotiations between the two countries (Hill 128). The years following the Ghent treaty were still marked with disputes but the two nations were able to settle their differences through negotiations. The twist in the hostile relationship, however, commenced during World War I when the United States helped the Allied Powers, led by Russia, France and the United Kingdom fight against the Central Powers by providing money, food and other needs to the Allied armies. The relationship later developed as a strong alliance during the Second World War during which the United States abandoned its neutrality and already took more roles in the war. In what can be YourSurname 3 considered as Britain's worst fight, America's decision to enter the war and fight on the side of Britain was an assurance that victory is on the side of Britain. There therefore resulted an awareness that victory depended on the United States and which became the foundation of every major decision the British